For individuals, families, communities, governments, and entire nations, a disaster or catastrophe ushers in a period of extreme difficulties and pain. It is a turning point that determines how the nation or country will develop and what its prospects are for the future in terms of cultural, social, and economic factors. Disasters always cause a crisis that increases losses and needs to be resolved as soon as possible to lessen its effects. Even a tragedy of moderate scale might have a greater impact in third world countries like Pakistan, which is still economically unstable. The population of Pakistan is ranked as the fourth most susceptible in the world to natural disasters. It should also be noted that 5 of the top 10 countries affected most by natural disasters are located in ASIAN region.
If disaster management programmes are not strengthened in this region, it is expected that the rising frequency of natural catastrophes will slow down the rate of economic growth in these nations. Even a tragedy of moderate scale might have a greater impact in third world countries like Pakistan, which is still economically unstable. The population of Pakistan is ranked as the fourth most susceptible in the world to natural disasters. The fact that five of the top ten nations most impacted by natural catastrophes are in Asia should also be recognized. If disaster management programmes are not strengthened in this region, it is expected that the rising frequency of natural catastrophes will slow down the rate of economic growth in these nations.
The framework displays four phases, which are further broken down into the post-disaster and disaster phases. Mitigation and preparation are part of the pre-disaster phase, whereas response and recovery are part of the post-disaster phase. The framework begins when a disaster occurs and moves right into the phase of response that deals with relief operations. After some time, the second phase began, during which time efforts were made to get life back on track as a result of the recovery. Based on the information and lessons from the first two phases, we begin thinking about how to prevent similar incidents or lessen their effects in the future. We then develop action plans and put them into place, which help us get ready for any similar circumstances that may arise in the future. National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), is the lead agency in Pakistan at the Federal level that deals with whole spectrum of Disaster Management Activities in the country.
Based on the information the disaster management cell provides, the disaster management teams can perform rescue operations more effectively. The populace is fully informed of their duties and who to contact in the event of a calamity. People with training are more productive, organized, and effective, and they occasionally cause less panic. Assistance is required following the disaster in a variety of ways to help the populace. We may have numerous teams of medical professionals, paramedics, engineers, communicators, and law enforcement officers on hand who may offer immediate assistance at the catastrophe scene. Such actions will lessen the severity and impact of tragedy.
The most crucial phase of post-disaster activity, which covers the settlements, housing, healthcare, and food facilities in the catastrophe zone, is rehabilitation. The disaster management team coordinates efforts amongst several departments to make sure that in the event of a natural disaster, rescue and relief teams will know where to concentrate their efforts. Collaboration between hospitals and relief teams is crucial, and if it is well-trained and coordinated, it can significantly reduce the number of deaths brought on by delays.
As we know that disaster can be of two types Natural and man-made disasters in both the cases tension that exist can be removed this part is addressed before a catastrophe and comes under the umbrella of preparedness since in this phase the focus is entirely on preparing people to stand firm in advent of a calamity and training them so they can save their lives and lives of others if such an incident happens, after disaster the teams are trained to mentor the survivors so they can come out of the trauma that includes, losing loved ones, financial loses, injuries and psychological impact due to some unprecedented event. To conserve the environment the teams should visit Schools, Colleges, Universities and give presentations about the importance of planting trees and cleaning sea shores, the trees act as first line of defense in case of flooding and cleaning the shores ensures safety for birds and marine life.
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